It covers all activities related to searching for, recovering, and producing crude oil and/or natural gas from underground or underwater fields. The terms upstream and downstream refer to the flow of data (aka code). The upstream oxygen sensor is situated before the catalytic converter whereas the downstream oxygen sensor is located after the catalytic converter. M.PhilMicrobiology-NEETHU ASOKAN 2. o FERMENTOR Closed vessels Used for fermentation Production of large scale process Fermenter is a closed vessels now it is called as bioreactor Fermenter is a old process used for cultivate the microorganisms Fermenter used for cultivate Prokaryotic cells (fungi bacteria) Bioreactors used for … Upstream losses are those you will suffer if one of your key suppliers is affected by a disaster. Code can flow upstream or downstream. The upstream sensor monitors the level of pollutants in the engine's exhaust and sends this information to … In short: “Upstream” is towards the source and “Downstream” is away from the source. A easy way to remember is as below. If your company relies on regular deliveries of products or services by another company, you could experience upstream losses if that company cannot deliver. UPSTREAM: This refers to anything having to do with the exploration and production of oil and natural gas. It is also responsible for providing functional leadership across Shell in the areas of safety and environment, contracting and procurement, wells … Upstream and down stream process 1. Downstream; Upstream sector. The production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) of biopharmaceuticals typically starts with generation of the API via living cells known as the upstream process, followed by purification of the target API, or the downstream process. These can be viewed as upstream and downstream losses. But despite its importance to overall business success, most companies are unfamiliar with upstream … Overview of Upstream and Downstream Processing of Biopharmaceuticals 1 Ian Marison Professor of Bioprocess Engineering and Head of School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland E-mail: ian.marison@dcu.ie ‘Upstream marketing’ has been a business buzzword for a few years now. It provides technical services and technology capability for our Integrated Gas, Upstream and Downstream activities. Upstream is commonly known as the exploration & production (E&P) section. In this sense, there are two directions: Upstream and downstream. Upstream and Downstream Upstream is everything that went into that production of that product before it got to you, the consumer, including the extraction of natural resources, the manufacturing, the transportation, etc. You can relate the terms “upstream” and “downstream” and remember them easily through the analogy of Chiranth. Upstream & Downstream Processing. Upstream Production Elements Downstream is everything that happened to that product after you disposed of it. Upstream vs. Downstream Marketing; Why do so many companies focus solely on downstream marketing? Upstream refers to the material inputs needed for production, while downstream is the opposite end, where products get produced and distributed. Aka code ) and “ downstream ” is towards the source and “ downstream ” is towards the and. That product after you disposed of it directions: upstream and downstream refer to the material inputs needed for,. 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